How to differentiate between Mono & Poly Perc Half Cut Photovoltaic cell and differentiate it with respect to efficiency?

In this blog post, we will explain the main features, advantages, and disadvantages of these two types of solar cells, and help you decide which one is best suited for your solar project.

PERC Stands for?

Mono perc and poly perc are abbreviations for Monocrystalline passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC) and Polycrystalline passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC) solar cells, respectively. These are two kinds of crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells that use PERC technology to improve their efficiency and performance.

What is Perc Technology?

PERC technology is a modification of the traditional c-Si solar cell structure that adds a thin layer of dielectric material on the back surface of the cell. This layer reduces the recombination of electrons and holes, which are the charge carriers that generate electricity in the cell. The layer also reflects some of the light that passes through the cell back to the front side, increasing the absorption of photons and enhancing the current output.

Difference between Mono-Perc & Poly-Perc?

The main difference between mono-perc and poly-perc solar cells is the way they are manufactured. Mono perc solar cells are made from single-crystal silicon wafers, which have a uniform and defect-free structure. Poly perc solar cells are made from multiple fragments of silicon that are melted together, forming a polycrystalline structure with grain boundaries and defects.

Difference between cell structure?

The difference in the crystal structure affects the efficiency and performance of the solar cells. Mono-perc solar cells have higher efficiency than poly-perc solar cells because they have fewer defects that impede the flow of electrons. Mono-perc solar cells also have better temperature coefficients, which means they lose less power when exposed to high temperatures. Poly perc solar cells have lower efficiency than mono-perc solar cells, but they are cheaper to produce because they use less silicon material.

Which cell is more efficient Mono/Poly?

The main difference between mono PERC and poly PERC cells is the purity and uniformity of the silicon material. Mono-PERC cells have higher purity and uniformity than poly-PERC cells, which means that they can capture more sunlight and convert it into electricity more efficiently. Mono PERC cells also have a darker color and a more aesthetic appearance than poly PERC cells, which have a bluish hue and visible grain boundaries.

As Mono PERC panels are 2% to 2.5% more efficient than poly PERC panels. This means that they can produce more power per unit area and require less roof space for the same system size. Mono PERC panels also perform better in low light and high-temperature conditions than poly PERC panels, which means that they can generate more electricity throughout the day and year.

Disadvantages 

The main one is the cost: mono PERC panels are usually more expensive than poly PERC panels because they require more complex and energy-intensive manufacturing processes. 

Another disadvantage of mono PERC panels is that they are more prone to light-induced degradation (LID) than poly PERC panels. LID is a phenomenon that causes the efficiency of solar cells to drop over time due to exposure to sunlight. Mono PERC cells are more sensitive to LID because they contain boron, which reacts with oxygen in the air and forms a defect that reduces the electrical conductivity of the cell. Poly PERC cells do not contain boron and are therefore less affected by LID.

**We will discuss in detail LID and PID loss in another blog for your information!





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